{"id":1310,"date":"2026-02-18T15:20:21","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T15:20:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/introduction-to-marxism\/"},"modified":"2026-02-18T15:20:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T15:20:21","slug":"introduction-to-marxism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/introduction-to-marxism\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Marxism"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mep-course-container\"><div class=\"mep-course-sidebar\"><h3 class=\"mep-sidebar-title\">Course content<\/h3><nav class=\"mep-content-nav\"><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=1\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link active\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON ONE: An Introduction to Marxism<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=2\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON TWO: Materialism versus Idealism<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=3\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON THREE: Dialectics \u2013 a philosophy of change<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=4\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON FOUR: A dialectical approach to politics<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=5\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON FIVE: The law of quantity into quality<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=6\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON SIX: The interpenetration of opposites<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=7\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON SEVEN: The negation of the negation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=8\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON EIGHT: Historical Materialism<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=9\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON NINE: Classless Societies<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=10\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON TEN: The rise of Class Societies<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=11\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON ELEVEN: Slavery and Feudalism<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=12\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON TWELVE: Capitalism and Socialism<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=13\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON THIRTEEN: Marxist Economics<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=14\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON FOURTEEN: Commodities and Value<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=15\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON FIFTEEN: Labour Power and Surplus Value<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=16\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON SIXTEEN: Wages and Rate of Profit<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=17\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON SEVENTEEN: Money, Prices and Inflation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=18\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON EIGHTEEN: The Causes of Capitalist Crisis<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=19\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON NINETEEN: Debt and Speculation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"mep-nav-section\"><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=20\" class=\"mep-content-nav-link\"><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">LESSON TWENTY: The need for Socialism<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"mep-course-main-content\"><div class=\"mep-course-header\"><h1 class=\"mep-course-title\">Introduction to Marxism<\/h1><div class=\"mep-course-description\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-56\" src=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/marx-300x118.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/marx-300x118.jpg 300w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/marx-768x302.jpg 768w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/marx-600x236.jpg 600w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/marx.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Introduction to Marxism<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Find out about the three core ideas that provide the foundations of Marxism:<\/p>\n<p>+ \u2018Dialectical materialism\u2019 \u2013 Marxist philosophy;<\/p>\n<p>+ \u2018Historical materialism\u2019 \u2013 an analysis of human history based on material conditions;<\/p>\n<p>+ \u2018Marxist economics\u2019 \u2013 the workings of capitalism.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Footnote:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Note: This course is based on the first chapters of the book \u201cIntroduction to Marxism\u201d <sup>1<\/sup>, published by the Socialist Party in 2022, along with extracts taken from a variety of original sources. These lessons are created by Martin Powell-Davies, Socialist Party (England &amp; Wales) member, teacher and former leading education trade unionist.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"mep-course-contents\"><div id=\"content-1\" class=\"mep-content-item\"><h2 class=\"mep-content-title\">LESSON ONE: An Introduction to Marxism<\/h2><div class=\"mep-content-description\"><p><strong><em>This course offers an introduction to the foundations of Marxism, ideas that<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> were first brilliantly put forward by Karl Marx and his collaborator Friedrich Engels in the nineteenth century. Since then, Marx and Engels\u2019 clear explanation of the failures of capitalism as a system, and why it is unable to deliver a decent future for humanity and the planet, has stood the test of time.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"mep-content-body\"><p><strong>The Communist Manifesto<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Communist Manifesto, written by Marx and Engels and first published in 1848, brought together their ground-breaking conclusions in a concise way \u2013 analysing and summing up what capitalism is, with its inbuilt contradictions, and making clear that the working class would have to move to get rid of it. They cut through the confusion of socialists and reformists who didn\u2019t clearly recognise the classes and class forces in society and what that means for the system as a whole and the struggle for socialism.<\/p>\n<p>Marxist analysis from the nineteenth century can\u2019t simply be repeated word for word today without taking into account the different conditions, language, and so on, of the present period. Also, as Marx and Engels were well aware, some of their ideas were exploratory and they rightly didn\u2019t see any of their positions as a \u2018finished\u2019 analysis \u2013 to have done so would not have been a Marxist approach.<\/p>\n<p>But in its substance and message Marxism has not been surpassed during the subsequent 170-plus years. It has only been added to, to take into account the many subsequent developments in human societies \u2013 economic, political, social and environmental \u2013 that have taken place. Their fundamental ideas remain as true today as when they were formulated and they remain a crucial tool for understanding the present period and what can lie ahead.<\/p>\n<p>Recent decades have seen worsening economic crises, increased inequality, massive levels of displacement and the growing impact of climate change. None of the systemic fault lines that existed at the time of Marx and Engels have been solved. On the contrary, they have further developed and taken a sharper form in many respects. Today we live in a time of immense turmoil, rapidly moving events and great tensions between the world\u2019s ruling classes.<\/p>\n<p>The impact of capitalist crisis on the lives and livelihoods of the overwhelming majority of people across the globe \u2013 the working classes and middle classes \u2013 has not gone without fightbacks in the form of mass movements and uprisings, including in recent years. The political arming of those struggles with Marxist ideas has never been more urgent \u2013 to provide the tools for a clear understanding of the economic, social and political landscape, and the tasks that are necessary to change society.<\/p>\n<p>That is what using Marxist ideas can provide: gaining clarity on events and processes; and using the lessons of past workers\u2019 struggles to understand the need for the building of workers\u2019 organisations that are independent of capitalist interests and capable of leading the working class to power.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The three component parts of Marxism<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>People unfamiliar with Marxism might think of it as being essentially about economic theory. Certainly, Marx\u2019s writings on the ways in which workers are exploited by employers and the contradictions within the whole system are vitally important. But the entire body of Marxist ideas is much more than that; it includes scientific ideas for understanding human society and natural phenomena in the past, present and future.<\/p>\n<p>The lessons in this introductory course are based on what Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin referred to as the \u2018three component parts of Marxism\u2019. These are: \u2018Historical materialism\u2019 \u2013 an analysis of human history based on material conditions; \u2018Dialectical materialism\u2019 \u2013 Marxist philosophy; and \u2018Marxist economics\u2019 \u2013 the workings of capitalism.<\/p>\n<p>To develop their scientific socialist ideas, Marx and Engels studied the writings of past socialists, economists and philosophers, and those they were contemporary with, in order to build on the best aspects of the conclusions of those authors and discard what they judged to be incorrect. However, Marx stressed that economics, history and philosophy can\u2019t be entirely separated from each other. Each has to be set in the context of the other two and more. For example, economics has to be set in a historical, political and social setting and a \u2018dialectical\u2019 approach taken to it.<\/p>\n<p>His central purpose, along with Engels, was to understand why things are as they are, and how they can be changed. What lies behind the changes that take place? How can different types of society be assessed and recognised? What forces can lead to change in societies \u2013 and what type of change?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Workers\u2019 organisation today<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Marx and Engels did not foresee that in the twenty-first century, capitalism would still exist across the globe, not yet having been swept away by mass mobilisations of the working class. It would be wrong to interpret that as an overestimation of the ability of workers to organise and transform society. Rather. it was initially due to the young stage of the workers\u2019 movements. Then, as those movements grew, the struggle to overthrow capitalism was held back repeatedly by the inadequacies and betrayals of the leaders of workers\u2019 movements and parties who stood in opposition to the revolutionary ideas of Marxism.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, over decades the Stalinist bureaucracy that came to power in the Soviet Union worked to prevent a successful transformation to democratic socialism in any country where it had influence over the workers\u2019 movement, as that outcome would have come to threaten its own repressive, authoritarian regime (<em>see the separate course on \u2018<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/the-rise-of-stalinism\/\"><em>The Rise of Stalinism<\/em><\/a><em>\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Today, mass working-class based political parties need to be rebuilt, but this time with leaders up to the task of representing workers\u2019 interests, which means maintaining complete independence from capitalist interests. Those parties will be built in a world in which capitalism is showing its rottenness everywhere, and with a high degree of linkage between economies, an unprecedented amount of electronic communication between ordinary people, and with workers virtually everywhere facing attacks on their standard of living.<\/p>\n<p>Not surprisingly, capitalist elites the world over have tried to deter workers and young people from turning to Marxist ideas, by perniciously associating Marxism with Stalin\u2019s monstrous regime and others that had a similar model. It is in the capitalists\u2019 interests to try to portray their system as the highest possible form of human society. They were boosted in that gross deception when the Stalinist regimes collapsed and capitalist, market economies were restored in those countries.<\/p>\n<p>So, although school and college students can find Marxism included in their courses on politics and economics, it is often taught using \u2018educational\u2019 material that misrepresents it and tries to invalidate it. The education institutions in capitalist society are of course products of the system in which they exist and under the influence of its interests.<\/p>\n<p>For everyone interested in socialist ideas, this course can be the start of the necessary antidote, and a starting point on the \u2018science\u2019 of the socialism behind those ideas \u2013 \u2018scientific socialism\u2019. They are the ideas on which the Committee for a Workers\u2019 International (CWI) is based, and we are meeting a growing number of people \u2013 young people especially \u2013 who are interested in knowing more about them.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, notwithstanding the importance of learning about Marxist ideas, the purpose of that learning must be to translate the ideas into action, as Marx and Engels always advocated. So, this course isn\u2019t just aimed at readers gaining knowledge, discussing the ideas within it, and reading further socialist material. We hope it will also encourage readers to join with us in the CWI, to educate themselves within it, and to get involved in our activities, so that these ideas can be used to concretely build the workers\u2019 movement and the forces of Marxism within it.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"mep-content-footer\"><p><strong>READ and DISCUSS:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Three Component Parts of Marxism<\/strong><strong> (Lenin, 1913)<\/strong><sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThe Marxist doctrine\u2026 is the legitimate successor to the best\u2026 produced in the nineteenth century, as represented by German philosophy, English political economy and French socialism. It is these three sources of Marxism, which are also its component parts that we shall outline in brief.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>The philosophy of Marxism is materialism. Throughout the modern history of Europe, and especially at the end of the eighteenth century in France, where a resolute struggle was conducted against every kind of medieval rubbish, against serfdom in institutions and ideas, materialism has proved to be the only philosophy that is consistent, true to all the teachings of natural science and hostile to superstition. \u2026 But Marx did not stop at eighteenth-century materialism: he developed philosophy to a higher level. \u2026 The main achievement was dialectics, i.e., the doctrine of development in its fullest, deepest and most comprehensive form, the doctrine of the relativity of the human knowledge that provides us with a reflection of eternally developing matter. The latest discoveries of natural science - radium, electrons, the transmutation of elements - have been a remarkable confirmation of Marx\u2019s <strong>dialectical materialism<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Marx deepened and developed philosophical materialism to the full and extended the cognition of nature to include the cognition of human society. His <strong>historical materialism<\/strong> was a great achievement in scientific thinking. The chaos and arbitrariness that had previously reigned in views on history and politics were replaced by a strikingly integral and harmonious scientific theory, which shows how, in consequence of the growth of productive forces, out of one system of social life another and higher system develops - how capitalism, for instance, grows out of feudalism.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Just as man\u2019s knowledge reflects nature (i.e. developing matter), which exists independently of him, so man\u2019s social knowledge (i.e. his various views and doctrines - philosophical, religious, political and so forth) reflects the economic system of society. Political institutions are a superstructure on the economic foundation.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Having recognised that the economic system is the foundation on which the political superstructure is erected, Marx devoted his greatest attention to the study of this economic system. Marx\u2019s principal work, Capital, is devoted to a study of the economic system of modern, i.e., capitalist, society. \u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>The wage-worker sells his labour-power to the owner of land, factories and instruments of labour. The worker spends one part of the day covering the cost of maintaining himself and his family (wages), while the other part of the day he works without remuneration, creating for the capitalist surplus-value, the source of profit, the source of the wealth of the capitalist class. The doctrine of surplus-value is the cornerstone of <strong>Marx\u2019s economic theory<\/strong>\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Preface to the Communist Manifesto<\/strong><strong> (Engels, 1888)<\/strong><sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThe fundamental proposition \u2026 belongs to Marx: That in every historical epoch, the prevailing mode of economic production and exchange, and the social organisation necessarily following from it, form the basis upon which is built up, and from which alone can be explained the political and intellectual history of that epoch; that consequently the whole history of mankind (since the end of primitive tribal society, holding land in common ownership) has been a history of class struggles, contests between exploiting and exploited, ruling and oppressed classes; that the history of these class struggles forms a series of evolutions in which, nowadays, a stage has been reached where the exploited and oppressed class - the proletariat (the working class) - cannot attain its emancipation from the sway of the exploiting and ruling class - \u00a0the bourgeoisie (the capitalist class) - without, at the same time, and once and for all, emancipating society at large from all exploitation, oppression, class distinction, and class struggles\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Reading Lenin\u2019s \u2018Three Component Parts of Marxism\u2019,<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>(a) What are those \u201cthree component parts\u201d of Marxism?<\/p>\n<p>(b) What forms the foundation on which the political \u2018superstructure\u2019 of a society is built?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Reading Engels\u2019 1888 Preface to the \u2018Communist Manifesto\u2019,<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>(a) What forms the basis of the political and intellectual thought of any historical epoch?<\/p>\n<p>(b) Apart from in those early societies where things were still held in common ownership, what has been the driving force of human history?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> By now, Marx and Engels would have expected the working-class to have succeeded in replacing capitalism by a socialist society. Why is that task still to be accomplished?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><div class=\"mep-course-recommendations\"><h3 class=\"mep-recommendations-title\">Recommended books & references<\/h3><div class=\"mep-recommendations-content\"><p>1. Socialist Party (England &amp;\u00a0 Wales) (2022) Introduction to Marxism.\u00a0 Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistparty.org.uk\/party-media\/socialist-party-books-and-pamphlets-online\/introduction-to-marxism\/\">https:\/\/www.socialistparty.org.uk\/party-media\/socialist-party-books-and-pamphlets-online\/introduction-to-marxism\/<\/a> (Accessed 20 February 2026).<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistparty.org.uk\/party-media\/socialist-party-books-and-pamphlets-online\/introduction-to-marxism\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1312\" src=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-192x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"192\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-192x300.png 192w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-654x1024.png 654w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-768x1202.png 768w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-982x1536.png 982w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism-511x800.png 511w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Introduction-to-Marxism.png 1278w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 192px) 100vw, 192px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1913) The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1913\/mar\/x01.htm\">https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1913\/mar\/x01.htm<\/a> (Accessed 20 February 2026).<\/p>\n<p>3. Friedrich Engels (1888) Preface to the Communist Manifesto. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/1848\/communist-manifesto\/preface.htm#preface-1888\">https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/1848\/communist-manifesto\/preface.htm#preface-1888<\/a> (Accessed 20 February 2026).<\/p>\n<p><strong>A video summarising some of the ideas in this course<\/strong>, entitled 'Marx, Engels and the Foundations of Scientific Socialism' is available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/QFIgnU51Q9A\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/QFIgnU51Q9A<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1335\" src=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mq1-300x169.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mq1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mq1.webp 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"mep-section-navigation\"><span class=\"mep-nav-prev mep-nav-disabled\"><\/span><a href=\"\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310?section=2\" class=\"mep-nav-next\"><span class=\"mep-nav-direction\">Next<\/span><span class=\"mep-nav-title\">Next section<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"mep-course-meta\"><h3 class=\"mep-meta-title\">About this course<\/h3><div class=\"mep-meta-info\"><div class=\"mep-meta-item\"><span class=\"mep-meta-label\">Title:<\/span> Introduction to Marxism<\/div><div class=\"mep-meta-item\"><span class=\"mep-meta-label\">Published:<\/span> February 18, 2026<\/div><div class=\"mep-meta-item\"><span class=\"mep-meta-label\">Updated:<\/span> February 24, 2026<\/div><div class=\"mep-meta-item\"><span class=\"mep-meta-label\">Course ID:<\/span> 11<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1310","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1310"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1310\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/socialistworld.net\/theory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}